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Date of Publication:1635
Type:Handwritten Manuscript
Place of Publication:Paris
Language:French
Special Attributes:Signed
Region:Europe
Author:LOUIS XIII OF FRANCE
Material:Vellum
Subject:History
Original/Facsimile:Original
LETTER ON PARCHMENT SIGNED BY KING LOUIS XIII IN PARIS IN JULY, 1635 CONTERSIGNED BY LEON BOUTHILLIER THE SECRETARY OF STATE FOR FOREIGN AFFAIRSSize: 19″ x 14″ (50 cm x 35 cm)Léon Bouthillier, Comte de Chavigny (March 28, 1608 – October 11, 1652) was a Foreign Minister of France to Louis XIII.He was associated with his father, Claude Bouthillier, who took him to all major courts of Europe, tutoring in diplomacy, from 1629 to 1632. To differentiate Bouthillier fatherand son, Leo was called “The Younger”. Léon’s brother Victor became archbishop of Tours.On March 18, 1632, he was appointed Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs. In 1635, he signed a treaty of alliance with Holland and Sweden.He acts as messenger between Gaston d’Orleans and the government. He is also a friend of Mazarin, but their friendship does not survive the period of the regency.After the death of Louis XIII, he relinquished his office June 23, 1643 but he was sent as plenipotentiary in the negotiations of Munster. Returning to France, he intrigued against Mazarin and approaches the Prince of Conde. He was arrested twice during the Fonde.In October 1652, just before his death he made a large donation to Anthony Singlin, Jansen, Director of Port Royal, who is even suspected of extortion on this occasion.His son, Armand Jean le Bouthillier de Rance, was the founder of the Trappist order. Another son, François-Denis, was bishop of Troyes and RomanCatholic Archdiocese of Sens.Louis XIII (27 September 1601 – 14 May 1643) was a monarch of the House of Bourbon who was King of France from 1610 to 1643 and King of Navarre (as Louis II) from 1610 to 1620, when the crown of Navarre was merged with the French crown.Shortly before his ninth birthday, Louis became king of France and Navarre after his father Henry IV was assassinated. His mother, Marie de’ Medici, acted as regent during his minority. Mismanagement of the kingdom and ceaseless political intrigues by Marie and her Italian favorites led the young king to take power in 1617 by exiling his mother and executing her followers, including Concino Concini, the most influential Italian at the French court.Louis XIII, taciturn and suspicious, relied heavily on his chief ministers, first Charles d’Albert, Duc de Luynes and then Cardinal Richelieu, to govern the Kingdom of France. King and cardinal are remembered for establishing the Académie Francoise, and ending the revolt of the French nobility. They systematically destroyed castles of defiant lords and denounced the use of private violence (dueling, carrying weapons, and maintaining private armies). By the end of 1620s, Richelieu established “the royal monopoly of force” as the ruling doctrine. The reign of Louis “the Just” was also marked by the struggles against the Huguenots and Habsburg Spain.
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